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DerivedAlgGeo.AlgebraicGeometry.IntersectionTheory.ChernCharacter.Basic

Numerical Chern-character reconstruction from twist polynomials #

This file is the bounded, no-Chow reconstruction layer between Snapper polynomials and the components consumed by NumericalVarietyData. There are two deliberately separate steps.

First, homogeneousPicardCoefficient extracts the ordinary rational homogeneous coefficient of a Picard Euler polynomial. Raw finite differences below top degree are not sufficient: they mix the desired term with higher-degree terms. We remove that mixing by interpolating the scaled mixed coefficient and taking its lowest possible ordinary coefficient.

Second, PairingContext and ReconstructionData state exactly when those divisor-tested functionals are represented by elements of a chosen NumericalRingData. Representability gives existence; divisorPairing_ext gives uniqueness. Neither is inferred from the intersection numbers. In particular, on a higher-dimensional variety products of divisors need not separate all middle-codimension numerical classes.

The represented Todd-weighted components are denoted tauComponent. The structure-sheaf components supply the reconstructed Todd class, and Chern-character components are recovered by the triangular identities

tau_i(F) = sum_{a+b=i} ch_a(F) * td_b(X).

The formulas are implemented through codimension four, the current bound of AlgebraicGeometry/Numerical/Core/CharacteristicClasses.lean. Isomorphism and exact-sequence results use explicit rank and Euler-polynomial comparisons. The line-bundle theorem uses an explicit coefficient comparison rather than silently assuming a perfect intersection pairing or Riemann--Roch.

Rational homogeneous coefficients #

Scale every Picard direction by the same integer and take the resulting mixed coefficient.

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    The degree-d rational interpolation of an integer-valued function, using the nodes 0, ..., d.

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      The ordinary homogeneous coefficient polarized in classes.

      For r = classes.length, this is the coefficient of z^r in the degree-d interpolation of z ↦ Δ_{L₁^z}⋯Δ_{Lᵣ^z} f(1). In top degree it agrees with the usual top mixed coefficient; below top degree it removes the higher-degree contamination present in a raw finite difference.

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        Homogeneous coefficients are symmetric in their Picard directions.

        Explicit realization in a numerical ring #

        The product of the degree-one realizations of a list of Picard classes.

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          A chosen numerical ring realization of the divisor intersection theory.

          divisorPairing_ext is the required nondegeneracy statement: divisor products separate the chosen graded pieces. It is intentionally a field rather than an instance or theorem.

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            The divisor-tested rational functional extracted from a coherent sheaf's twist polynomial.

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              Existence data for representatives of all Todd-weighted components of one coherent sheaf.

              This is separate from PairingContext.divisorPairing_ext: existence and uniqueness are distinct hypotheses.

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                The unique chosen representative of the Todd-weighted component tau_i(F) when i ≤ d, and zero above the dimension.

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                  Todd normalization and Chern-character components through degree four #

                  noncomputable def AlgebraicGeometry.IntersectionTheory.ChernCharacter.toddComponent {k : Type u} [Field k] {X : Scheme} [X.Over (Spec (CommRingCat.of k))] [IsVariety k X] {D : Cohomology.FiniteCohomology k X} {C : D.LinearConnectingSystem} {d : ℕ} {A : Type v} [CommRing A] [Algebra ℚ A] {P : PairingContext D C d A} {O : Coh X} (RO : P.ReconstructionData O) (i : ℕ) :
                  A

                  The reconstructed Todd component is the Todd-weighted component of the structure sheaf.

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                    @[irreducible]
                    noncomputable def AlgebraicGeometry.IntersectionTheory.ChernCharacter.chernCharacterComponent {k : Type u} [Field k] {X : Scheme} [X.Over (Spec (CommRingCat.of k))] [IsVariety k X] {D : Cohomology.FiniteCohomology k X} {C : D.LinearConnectingSystem} {d : ℕ} {A : Type v} [CommRing A] [Algebra ℚ A] {P : PairingContext D C d A} {O : Coh X} (RO : P.ReconstructionData O) {F : Coh X} (R : P.ReconstructionData F) :
                    ℕ → A

                    Chern-character components recovered from tau(F) = ch(F) * td(X), through degree four.

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                      The triangular extraction principle #

                      Invariance and exact-sequence additivity #

                      Isomorphism invariance once the chosen rank and twist-polynomial realizations have been compared. The comparison hypotheses stay explicit because a bare coherent-sheaf isomorphism does not choose compatible ReconstructionData.

                      Explicit line-bundle comparison #

                      The degree-i exponential term D^i / i!.

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                        noncomputable def AlgebraicGeometry.IntersectionTheory.ChernCharacter.lineTauCandidate {k : Type u} [Field k] {X : Scheme} [X.Over (Spec (CommRingCat.of k))] [IsVariety k X] {D : Cohomology.FiniteCohomology k X} {C : D.LinearConnectingSystem} {d : ℕ} {A : Type v} [CommRing A] [Algebra ℚ A] {P : PairingContext D C d A} {O : Coh X} (RO : P.ReconstructionData O) (x : A) (i : ℕ) :
                        A

                        The expected Todd-weighted component of a line bundle with first Chern class x.

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                          Coefficient-level comparison identifying one reconstruction with a line bundle.

                          This is the precise missing translation/representability input. It is stated on the extracted twist coefficients, not as the desired Chern-character equality.

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                            The line-bundle coefficient comparison determines the represented Todd-weighted component. The conclusion uses both the stated representability and the explicit divisor-pairing nondegeneracy from PairingContext.

                            Under the visible normalization td₀ = 1, the reconstructed Chern character of a line bundle is exp(c₁) through the supported degree four.

                            Compatibility with the degree-level surface construction #

                            The reconstructed ring-valued ch₂ has the degree constructed in issue #37 once the chosen rank, determinant class, and Todd-weighted representatives are explicitly compared. This does not turn the degree-level surface class into an unconditional element of A.

                            Compatibility with the universal A7 formulas #

                            Recover Chern classes whose universal formulas give the reconstructed character through codimension four.

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